Метапластическая карцинома молочной железы. Подходы к морфологической диагностике. Обзор литературы

Метапластическая карцинома (МПК) молочной железы впервые описана в 1973 г. A. G . H uvos и соавт. и определена как карцинома молочной железы с эпителиальным и мезенхимальным компонентами. На сегодняшний день частота встречаемости МПК составляет от 0,25 до 1 % всех случаев рака молочной железы, диагностируемых ежегодно. Это гетерогенная группа инвазивных карцином, которые состоят из 2 и более типов клеток, представляющих собой обычно смесь эпителиального и мезенхимального компонентов. Из-за низкой частоты возникновения и морфологической вариабельности МПК клинические характеристики, прогностическая значимость и оптимальные методы лечения неясны и противоречивы. В современной литературе существует несколько исследований и работ, описывающих симптомы пациентов и клинико-патологические параметры. В целом МПК рассматриваются как более агрессивные злокачественные новообразования с худшими клиническими исходами даже по сравнению с трижды негативным раком молочной железы. Однако данные о подтипах МПК и результатах лечения малочисленные. В настоящей статье на основе данных литературы представлен краткий обзор морфологических, иммуногистохимических и молекулярных особенностей МПК, ассоциированных с прогнозом заболевания.

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